Travelling is really exciting but it can also increase the risk of people becoming ill, so it is important to prepare for your trip and take steps to try and keep safe and healthy while you are away.

Before you go

If you are going to an exotic country you may need to have injections, to ensure your standard of healthy living is not threatened. Make sure you research this in advance because some immunisations have to be given a certain period of time before you go away and some will need to be ordered in by doctors. It is important to follow the recommendations of health experts and have the immunisations recommended for the country you are visiting. If you are going anywhere in Europe, North America, Australia and most parts of the Caribbean, you will probably not need any immunisations but it is always best to check. You may also be advised to take a course of malaria tablets if you are going to certain countries. It is important to see your GP well in advance as many medications have to be taken before you go.

Common immunisations include:

• Tetanus
• Polio
• Hepatitis A and B
• Typhoid
• Yellow fever

Before you go away, make sure you take out a comprehensive insurance plan, which will cover the costs of your care should anything happen to you while you are away.

Eating and drinking

Many people experience health problems related to drinking and eating when they go abroad. This is mainly because they are not used to the food, but it may also be caused by food that is not cooked properly or contaminated food and water. When you are abroad, make sure you buy bottled water, rather than drinking from the tap; in some countries it is safe to drink the water but it’s always best to stick with bottled water. Do not eat foods that have been washed with water from the tap; this usually involves fruit and salads. Always ask for your drinks without ice.

Try to eat foods that have been prepared fresh and are served piping hot. Do not eat food that has been sitting around for a long time, especially if you notice flies buzzing around and never eat meat or shellfish that looks underdone.

If you are in a hot country, remember to drink plenty of water throughout the day. You will probably be sweating a lot so it is important to rehydrate. If you drink a lot of alcohol, you will need to drink even more water as alcohol dehydrates the body. If you do decide to drink, be responsible, know your limits and drink plenty of water.

Sexual health

For many, a trip abroad is a chance to rest, relax, have fun and let their hair down. And for many this can mean healthy living goes out of the window. However, this can contribute to health problems, including sexual health conditions. Experts advise travellers to behave in the same way as they would do at home and to be responsible when it comes to having sex. Always use contraception – remember that condoms are the only form of protection that protects against both pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.